Definition of anions. Meaning of anions. Synonyms of anions

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Definition of anions

anions
Ion I"on, n. 1. One of the electrified particles into which, according to the electrolytic dissociation theory, the molecules of electrolytes are divided by water and other solvents. An ion consists of one or more atoms and carries a unit charge of electricity, 3.4 x 10^-10 electrostatic units, or a multiple of this. Those which are positively electrified (hydrogen and the metals) are called cations; negative ions (hydroxyl and acidic atoms or groups) are called anions. Note: Thus, hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates, in aqueous solution, into the hydrogen ion, H^+, and the chlorine ion, Cl^-; ferric nitrate, Fe(NO3)3, yields the ferric ion, Fe^+++, and nitrate ions, NO3^-, NO3^-, NO3^-. When a solution containing ions is made part of an electric circuit, the cations move toward the cathode, the anions toward the anode. This movement is called migration, and the velocity of it differs for different kinds of ions. If the electromotive force is sufficient, electrolysis ensues: cations give up their charge at the cathode and separate in metallic form or decompose water, forming hydrogen and alkali; similarly, at the anode the element of the anion separates, or the metal of the anode is dissolved, or decomposition occurs. 2. One of the small electrified particles into which the molecules of a gas are broken up under the action of the electric current, of ultraviolet and certain other rays, and of high temperatures. To the properties and behavior of ions the phenomena of the electric discharge through rarefied gases and many other important effects are ascribed. At low pressures the negative ions appear to be electrons; the positive ions, atoms minus an electron. At ordinary pressures each ion seems to include also a number of attached molecules. Ions may be formed in a gas in various ways.
Anion
Anion An"i*on, n. [Gr. ?, neut. ?, p. pr. of ? to go up; ? up + ? to go.] (Chem.) An electro-negative element, or the element which, in electro-chemical decompositions, is evolved at the anode; -- opposed to cation. --Faraday.

Meaning of anions from wikipedia

- chlorine, forming sodium cations and chloride anions. Being oppositely charged, these cations and anions form ionic bonds and combine to form sodium chloride...
- indicates increased concentrations of unmeasured anions by proxy. Elevated concentrations of unmeasured anions like lactate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate...
- An anion exchange membrane (AEM) is a semipermeable membrane generally made from ionomers and designed to conduct anions but reject gases such as oxygen...
- In organic chemistry, a radical anion is a free radical species that carries a negative charge. Radical anions are encountered in organic chemistry as...
- and anions simultaneously. However, the simultaneous exchange of cations and anions is often performed in mixed beds, which contain a mixture of anion- and...
- electrophiles. Although nitrile anions are functionally similar to enolates, the extra multiple bond in nitrile anions provides them with a ketene-like...
- according to the length and crosslinking of the silicate anions. Isolated orthosilicate anions have the formula SiO4− 4. A common mineral in this group...
- Anions that interact weakly with cations are termed non-coordinating anions, although a more accurate term is weakly coordinating anion. Non-coordinating...
- "superelectrophilic anions". Furthermore, these superelectrophilic anions allow the direct reaction with small alkanes such as methane. Reactions with other anions are...
- The most common oxocarbon anions are carbonate, CO2−3, and oxalate, C2O2−4. There are however a large number of stable anions in this class, including...