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SpeculaSpeculum Spec"u*lum, n.; pl. L. Specula, E. Speculum. [L.,
fr. specere to look, behold. See Spy.]
1. A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as
in Greek and Roman arch[ae]ology.
2. A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in
reflecting telescopes. See Speculum metal, below.
3. (Surg.) An instrument for dilating certain passages of the
body, and throwing light within them, thus facilitating
examination or surgical operations.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A bright and lustrous patch of color found on
the wings of ducks and some other birds. It is usually
situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills,
and is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the
female.
Speculum metal, a hard, brittle alloy used for making the
reflectors of telescopes and other instruments, usually
consisting of copper and tin in various proportions, one
of the best being that in which there are 126.4 parts of
copper to 58.9 parts of tin, with sometimes a small
proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc added to improve
the whiteness. Specular ironIron I"ron ([imac]"[u^]rn), n. [OE. iren, AS. [=i]ren,
[=i]sen, [=i]sern; akin to D. ijzer, OS. [=i]sarn, OHG.
[=i]sarn, [=i]san, G. eisen, Icel. [=i]sarn, j[=a]rn, Sw. &
Dan. jern, and perh. to E. ice; cf. Ir. iarann, W. haiarn,
Armor. houarn.]
1. (Chem.) The most common and most useful metallic element,
being of almost universal occurrence, usually in the form
of an oxide (as hematite, magnetite, etc.), or a hydrous
oxide (as limonite, turgite, etc.). It is reduced on an
enormous scale in three principal forms; viz., cast iron,
steel, and wrought iron. Iron usually appears dark brown,
from oxidation or impurity, but when pure, or on a fresh
surface, is a gray or white metal. It is easily oxidized
(rusted) by moisture, and is attacked by many corrosive
agents. Symbol Fe (Latin Ferrum). Atomic weight 55.9.
Specific gravity, pure iron, 7.86; cast iron, 7.1. In
magnetic properties, it is superior to all other
substances.
Note: The value of iron is largely due to the facility with
which it can be worked. Thus, when heated it is
malleable and ductile, and can be easily welded and
forged at a high temperature. As cast iron, it is
easily fusible; as steel, is very tough, and (when
tempered) very hard and elastic. Chemically, iron is
grouped with cobalt and nickel. Steel is a variety of
iron containing more carbon than wrought iron, but less
that cast iron. It is made either from wrought iron, by
roasting in a packing of carbon (cementation) or from
cast iron, by burning off the impurities in a Bessemer
converter (then called Bessemer steel), or directly
from the iron ore (as in the Siemens rotatory and
generating furnace).
2. An instrument or utensil made of iron; -- chiefly in
composition; as, a flatiron, a smoothing iron, etc.
My young soldier, put up your iron. --Shak.
3. pl. Fetters; chains; handcuffs; manacles.
Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons.
--Macaulay.
4. Strength; power; firmness; inflexibility; as, to rule with
a rod of iron.
Bar iron. See Wrought iron (below).
Bog iron, bog ore; limonite. See Bog ore, under Bog.
Cast iron (Metal.), an impure variety of iron, containing
from three to six percent of carbon, part of which is
united with a part of the iron, as a carbide, and the rest
is uncombined, as graphite. It there is little free
carbon, the product is white iron; if much of the carbon
has separated as graphite, it is called gray iron. See
also Cast iron, in the Vocabulary.
Fire irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray irons. See under Fire, n.
Gray iron. See Cast iron (above).
It irons (Naut.), said of a sailing vessel, when, in
tacking, she comes up head to the wind and will not fill
away on either tack.
Magnetic iron. See Magnetite.
Malleable iron (Metal.), iron sufficiently pure or soft to
be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a
kind of iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon
or other impurities from cast iron, rendering it less
brittle, and to some extent malleable.
Meteoric iron (Chem.), iron forming a large, and often the
chief, ingredient of meteorites. It invariably contains a
small amount of nickel and cobalt. Cf. Meteorite.
Pig iron, the form in which cast iron is made at the blast
furnace, being run into molds, called pigs.
Reduced iron. See under Reduced.
Specular iron. See Hematite.
Too many irons in the fire, too many objects requiring the
attention at once.
White iron. See Cast iron (above).
Wrought iron (Metal.), the purest form of iron commonly
known in the arts, containing only about half of one per
cent of carbon. It is made either directly from the ore,
as in the Catalan forge or bloomery, or by purifying
(puddling) cast iron in a reverberatory furnace or
refinery. It is tough, malleable, and ductile. When formed
into bars, it is called bar iron. specular ironHematite Hem"a*tite, n. [L. haematites, Gr. ? bloodlike, fr.
a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.] (Min.)
An important ore of iron, the sesquioxide, so called because
of the red color of the powder. It occurs in splendent
rhombohedral crystals, and in massive and earthy forms; --
the last called red ocher. Called also specular iron,
oligist iron, rhombohedral iron ore, and bloodstone.
See Brown hematite, under Brown. specular pig ironSpiegel iron Spie"gel i`ron [G. spiegel mirror + E. iron.]
(Metal.)
A fusible white cast iron containing a large amount of carbon
(from three and a half to six per cent) and some manganese.
When the manganese reaches twenty-five per cent and upwards
it has a granular structure, and constitutes the alloy ferro
manganese, largely used in the manufacture of Bessemer steel.
Called also specular pig iron, spiegel, and
spiegeleisen. Speculate
Speculate Spec"u*late, v. t.
To consider attentively; as, to speculate the nature of a
thing. [R.] --Sir W. Hamilton.
SpeculateSpeculate Spec"u*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speculated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Speculating.] [L. speculatus, p. p. of
speculari to spy out, observe, fr. specula a lookout, fr.
specere to look. See Spy.]
1. To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing
it in its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to
contemplate; to theorize; as, to speculate on questions in
religion; to speculate on political events.
It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most
boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude
to the external regulations of society. --Hawthorne.
2. (Philos.) To view subjects from certain premises given or
assumed, and infer conclusions respecting them a priori.
3. (Com.) To purchase with the expectation of a contingent
advance in value, and a consequent sale at a profit; --
often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to speculate in coffee, in
sugar, or in bank stock. SpeculatedSpeculate Spec"u*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speculated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Speculating.] [L. speculatus, p. p. of
speculari to spy out, observe, fr. specula a lookout, fr.
specere to look. See Spy.]
1. To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing
it in its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to
contemplate; to theorize; as, to speculate on questions in
religion; to speculate on political events.
It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most
boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude
to the external regulations of society. --Hawthorne.
2. (Philos.) To view subjects from certain premises given or
assumed, and infer conclusions respecting them a priori.
3. (Com.) To purchase with the expectation of a contingent
advance in value, and a consequent sale at a profit; --
often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to speculate in coffee, in
sugar, or in bank stock. SpeculatingSpeculate Spec"u*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Speculated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Speculating.] [L. speculatus, p. p. of
speculari to spy out, observe, fr. specula a lookout, fr.
specere to look. See Spy.]
1. To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing
it in its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to
contemplate; to theorize; as, to speculate on questions in
religion; to speculate on political events.
It is remarkable that persons who speculate the most
boldly often conform with the most pefect quietude
to the external regulations of society. --Hawthorne.
2. (Philos.) To view subjects from certain premises given or
assumed, and infer conclusions respecting them a priori.
3. (Com.) To purchase with the expectation of a contingent
advance in value, and a consequent sale at a profit; --
often, in a somewhat depreciative sense, of unsound or
hazardous transactions; as, to speculate in coffee, in
sugar, or in bank stock. Speculatist
Speculatist Spec"u*la*tist, n.
One who speculates, or forms theories; a speculator; a
theorist.
The very ingenious speculatist, Mr. Hume. --V. Knox.
Speculatorial
Speculatorial Spec`u*la*to"ri*al, a.
Speculatory; speculative. [Obs.]
Speculatory
Speculatory Spec"u*la*to*ry, a. [L. speculatorius belonging to
spies or scouts.]
1. Intended or adapted for viewing or espying; having
oversight. --T. Warton.
2. Exercising speculation; speculative. --T. Carew.
Speculist
Speculist Spec"u*list, n.
One who observes or considers; an observer. [R.] --Goldsmith.
SpeculumSpeculum Spec"u*lum, n.; pl. L. Specula, E. Speculum. [L.,
fr. specere to look, behold. See Spy.]
1. A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as
in Greek and Roman arch[ae]ology.
2. A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in
reflecting telescopes. See Speculum metal, below.
3. (Surg.) An instrument for dilating certain passages of the
body, and throwing light within them, thus facilitating
examination or surgical operations.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A bright and lustrous patch of color found on
the wings of ducks and some other birds. It is usually
situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills,
and is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the
female.
Speculum metal, a hard, brittle alloy used for making the
reflectors of telescopes and other instruments, usually
consisting of copper and tin in various proportions, one
of the best being that in which there are 126.4 parts of
copper to 58.9 parts of tin, with sometimes a small
proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc added to improve
the whiteness. SpeculumSpeculum Spec"u*lum, n.; pl. L. Specula, E. Speculum. [L.,
fr. specere to look, behold. See Spy.]
1. A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as
in Greek and Roman arch[ae]ology.
2. A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in
reflecting telescopes. See Speculum metal, below.
3. (Surg.) An instrument for dilating certain passages of the
body, and throwing light within them, thus facilitating
examination or surgical operations.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A bright and lustrous patch of color found on
the wings of ducks and some other birds. It is usually
situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills,
and is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the
female.
Speculum metal, a hard, brittle alloy used for making the
reflectors of telescopes and other instruments, usually
consisting of copper and tin in various proportions, one
of the best being that in which there are 126.4 parts of
copper to 58.9 parts of tin, with sometimes a small
proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc added to improve
the whiteness. Speculum metalSpeculum Spec"u*lum, n.; pl. L. Specula, E. Speculum. [L.,
fr. specere to look, behold. See Spy.]
1. A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as
in Greek and Roman arch[ae]ology.
2. A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in
reflecting telescopes. See Speculum metal, below.
3. (Surg.) An instrument for dilating certain passages of the
body, and throwing light within them, thus facilitating
examination or surgical operations.
4. (Zo["o]l.) A bright and lustrous patch of color found on
the wings of ducks and some other birds. It is usually
situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills,
and is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the
female.
Speculum metal, a hard, brittle alloy used for making the
reflectors of telescopes and other instruments, usually
consisting of copper and tin in various proportions, one
of the best being that in which there are 126.4 parts of
copper to 58.9 parts of tin, with sometimes a small
proportion of arsenic, antimony, or zinc added to improve
the whiteness.
Meaning of Specu from wikipedia
-
Idola specus (singular
Idolum specus),
normally translated as "Idols of the Cave" (or "Idols of the Den"), is a type of
logical fallacy whereby the peculiar...
-
Oecothea specus is a
species of fly in the
family Heleomyzidae. "Oecothea
specus Report".
Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Retrieved 2019-09-23...
-
philosophy Philosophical logic Notable ideas List
Baconian method Idola fori
Idola theatri Idola specus Idola tribus Knowledge is
power Salomon's House...
- The
Novum Organum,
fully Novum Organum, sive
Indicia Vera de
Interpretatione Naturae ("New organon, or true
directions concerning the
interpretation of...
- The
grotto sculpin (Cottus
specus) is a
species of
freshwater ray-finned fish
belonging to the
family Cottidae, the
typical sculpins. It is
found in the...
-
Diocesan Museum, in the
Church of Sant'Agostino
Optical Illusions Museum Specus Corallii designed by
architect Antonino Cardillo The city is
renowned for...
-
nuntiavit Olisiponensium legatio ob id
missa visum auditumque in
quodam specu concha canentem Tritonem qua
noscitur forma. et
Nereidum falsa non est,...
- (817 ft),
including the ends
where the
specus (water channel) runs atop a wall.
Detail of the
aqueduct Specus of the
aqueduct Detail of the
aqueduct arches...
- "Constantine's Cave" - also
known as the
Nigra Specus ("Black Cave") - at
Balcomie near
Crail in Fife, Scotland: the
supposed death place of Causantín...
- arch in opus quadratum,
reinforced in the late
period in brickwork. The
specus (channel) is
about 1 m wide and is also
built in opus quadratum, but with...
