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CochinealCochineal Coch"i*neal (?; 277), [Sp. cochinilla, dim. from L.
coccineus, coccinus, scarlet, fr. coccum the kermes berry, G.
? berry, especially the kermes insect, used to dye scarlet,
as the cohineal was formerly supposed to be the grain or seed
of a plant, and this word was formerly defined to be the
grain of the Quercus coccifera; but cf. also Sp. cochinilla
wood louse, dim. of cochina sow, akin to F. cochon pig.]
A dyestuff consisting of the dried bodies of females of the
Coccus cacti, an insect native in Mexico, Central America,
etc., and found on several species of cactus, esp. Opuntia
cochinellifera.
Note: These insects are gathered from the plant, killed by
the application of heat, and exposed to the sun to dry.
When dried they resemble small, rough berries or seeds,
of a brown or purple color, and form the cochineal of
the shops, which is used for making carmine, and also
as a red dye.
Note: Cochineal contains as its essential coloring matter
carminic acid, a purple red amorphous substance which
yields carmine red. Cochineal figFig Fig, n. [F. figue the fruit of the tree, Pr. figa, fr. L.
ficus fig tree, fig. Cf. Fico.]
1. (Bot.) A small fruit tree (Ficus Carica) with large
leaves, known from the remotest antiquity. It was probably
native from Syria westward to the Canary Islands.
2. The fruit of a fig tree, which is of round or oblong
shape, and of various colors.
Note: The fruit of a fig tree is really the hollow end of a
stem, and bears numerous achenia inside the cavity.
Many species have little, hard, inedible figs, and in
only a few does the fruit become soft and pulpy. The
fruit of the cultivated varieties is much prized in its
fresh state, and also when dried or preserved. See
Caprification.
3. A small piece of tobacco. [U.S.]
4. The value of a fig, practically nothing; a fico; -- used
in scorn or contempt. ``A fig for Peter.' --Shak.
Cochineal fig. See Conchineal fig.
Fig dust, a preparation of fine oatmeal for feeding caged
birds.
Fig faun, one of a class of rural deities or monsters
supposed to live on figs. ``Therefore shall dragons dwell
there with the fig fauns.' --Jer. i. 39. (Douay version).
Fig gnat (Zo["o]l.), a small fly said to be injurious to
figs.
Fig leaf, the leaf tree; hence, in allusion to the first
clothing of Adam and Eve (Genesis iii.7), a covering for a
thing that ought to be concealed; esp., an inadequate
covering; a symbol for affected modesty.
Fig marigold (Bot.), the name of several plants of the
genus Mesembryanthemum, some of which are prized for the
brilliancy and beauty of their flowers.
Fig tree (Bot.), any tree of the genus Ficus, but
especially F. Carica which produces the fig of commerce. Cochineal fig
Cochineal fig Coch"i*neal fig, (Bot.)
A plant of Central and Southern America, of the Cactus
family, extensively cultivated for the sake of the cochineal
insect, which lives on it.
Meaning of Chineal from wikipedia
