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Ailuroidea
Ailuroidea Ai`lu*roid"e*a, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? cat + -oid.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A group of the Carnivora, which includes the cats, civets,
and hyenas.
Allantoidea
Allantoidea Al`lan*toid"e*a, n. pl. [NL.] (Zo["o]l.)
The division of Vertebrata in which the embryo develops an
allantois. It includes reptiles, birds, and mammals.
AmmonitoideaAmmonitoidea Am*mon`i*toid"e*a, n. pl. [NL., fr. Ammonite +
-oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
An extensive group of fossil cephalopods often very abundant
in Mesozoic rocks. See Ammonite. An abstract ideaAbstract Ab"stract` (#; 277), a. [L. abstractus, p. p. of
abstrahere to draw from, separate; ab, abs + trahere to draw.
See Trace.]
1. Withdraw; separate. [Obs.]
The more abstract . . . we are from the body.
--Norris.
2. Considered apart from any application to a particular
object; separated from matter; existing in the mind only;
as, abstract truth, abstract numbers. Hence: ideal;
abstruse; difficult.
3. (Logic)
(a) Expressing a particular property of an object viewed
apart from the other properties which constitute it;
-- opposed to concrete; as, honesty is an abstract
word. --J. S. Mill.
(b) Resulting from the mental faculty of abstraction;
general as opposed to particular; as, ``reptile' is
an abstract or general name. --Locke.
A concrete name is a name which stands for a
thing; an abstract name which stands for an
attribute of a thing. A practice has grown up in
more modern times, which, if not introduced by
Locke, has gained currency from his example, of
applying the expression ``abstract name' to all
names which are the result of abstraction and
generalization, and consequently to all general
names, instead of confining it to the names of
attributes. --J. S. Mill.
4. Abstracted; absent in mind. ``Abstract, as in a trance.'
--Milton.
An abstract idea (Metaph.), an idea separated from a
complex object, or from other ideas which naturally
accompany it; as the solidity of marble when contemplated
apart from its color or figure.
Abstract terms, those which express abstract ideas, as
beauty, whiteness, roundness, without regarding any object
in which they exist; or abstract terms are the names of
orders, genera or species of things, in which there is a
combination of similar qualities.
Abstract numbers (Math.), numbers used without application
to things, as 6, 8, 10; but when applied to any thing, as
6 feet, 10 men, they become concrete.
Abstract or Pure mathematics. See Mathematics. AnnuloideaAnnuloida An`nu*loid"a, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. annulus ring +
-oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of the Articulata, including the annelids and
allied groups; sometimes made to include also the helminths
and echinoderms. [Written also Annuloidea.] AnthropoideaAnthropoidea An`thro*poid"e*a, n. pl. [NL. See Anthropoid.]
(Zo["o]l.)
The suborder of primates which includes the monkeys, apes,
and man. ArachnoideaArachnoidea Ar`ach*noid"e*a, n. pl. [NL.] (Zo["o]l.)
Same as Arachnida. AraneoideaAraneida Ar`a*ne"i*da, Araneoidea Ar`a*ne*oid"e*a, n. pl.
[NL.] (Zo["o]l.)
See Araneina. Arctoidea
Arctoidea Arc*toid"e*a, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? bear + -oid.]
(Zo["o]l.)
A group of the Carnivora, that includes the bears, weasels,
etc.
AscidioideaVertebrata, including Mammalia or Mammals, Aves or Birds,
Reptilia, Amphibia, Pisces or Fishes, Marsipobranchiata
(Craniota); and Leptocardia (Acrania). Tunicata, including the
Thaliacea, and Ascidioidea or Ascidians. Articulata or
Annulosa, including Insecta, Myriapoda, Malacapoda, Arachnida,
Pycnogonida, Merostomata, Crustacea (Arthropoda); and Annelida,
Gehyrea (Anarthropoda). AscidioideaAscidioidea As*cid`i*oid"e*a, n. pl. [NL., fr. ascidium +
-oid. See Ascidium.] (Zo["o]l.)
A group of Tunicata, often shaped like a two-necked bottle.
The group includes, social, and compound species. The gill is
a netlike structure within the oral aperture. The integument
is usually leathery in texture. See Illustration in Appendix. Assidean
Assidean As`si*de"an, n. [Heb. kh[=a]sad to be pious.]
One of a body of devoted Jews who opposed the Hellenistic
Jews, and supported the Asmoneans.
Association of ideasAssociation As*so`ci*a"tion (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. association,
LL. associatio, fr. L. associare.]
1. The act of associating, or state of being associated;
union; connection, whether of persons of things. ``Some .
. . bond of association.' --Hooker.
Self-denial is a kind of holy association with God.
--Boyle.
2. Mental connection, or that which is mentally linked or
associated with a thing.
Words . . . must owe their powers association.
--Johnson.
Why should . . . the holiest words, with all their
venerable associations, be profaned? --Coleridge.
3. Union of persons in a company or society for some
particular purpose; as, the American Association for the
Advancement of Science; a benevolent association.
Specifically, as among the Congregationalists, a society,
consisting of a number of ministers, generally the pastors
of neighboring churches, united for promoting the
interests of religion and the harmony of the churches.
Association of ideas (Physiol.), the combination or
connection of states of mind or their objects with one
another, as the result of which one is said to be revived
or represented by means of the other. The relations
according to which they are thus connected or revived are
called the law of association. Prominent among them are
reckoned the relations of time and place, and of cause and
effect. --Porter. BalaenoideaBalaenoidea Bal`[ae]*noi"de*a, n. [NL., from L. balaena whale
+ -oid.] (Zo["o]l)
A division of the Cetacea, including the right whale and all
other whales having the mouth fringed with baleen. See
Baleen. BdelloideaBdelloidea Bdel*loi"de*a, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? leech +
-oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
The order of Annulata which includes the leeches. See
Hirudinea. Beau idealIdeal I*de"al, n.
A mental conception regarded as a standard of perfection; a
model of excellence, beauty, etc.
The ideal is to be attained by selecting and assembling
in one whole the beauties and perfections which are
usually seen in different individuals, excluding
everything defective or unseemly, so as to form a type
or model of the species. Thus, the Apollo Belvedere is
the ideal of the beauty and proportion of the human
frame. --Fleming.
Beau ideal. See Beau ideal. Blastoidea
Blastoidea Blas*toid"e*a, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. blasto`s sprout
+ -oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
One of the divisions of Crinoidea found fossil in paleozoic
rocks; pentremites. They are so named on account of their
budlike form.
Calceolaria arachnoideaRelbun Rel"bun (r?l"b?n), n.
The roots of the Chilian plant Calceolaria arachnoidea, --
used for dyeing crimson. CarideaShrimp Shrimp, n. [OE. shrimp; -- probably so named from its
shriveled appearance. See Shrimp, v.]
1. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) Any one of numerous species of macruran Crustacea
belonging to Crangon and various allied genera,
having a slender body and long legs. Many of them are
used as food. The larger kinds are called also
prawns. See Illust. of Decapoda.
(b) In a more general sense, any species of the macruran
tribe Caridea, or any species of the order
Schizopoda, having a similar form.
(c) In a loose sense, any small crustacean, including some
amphipods and even certain entomostracans; as, the
fairy shrimp, and brine shrimp. See under Fairy, and
Brine. CestoideaCestoidea Ces*toid"e*a (s[e^]s*toid"[-e]*[.a]), n. pl. [NL.,
gr. Gr. kesto`s girdle + -oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
A class of parasitic worms (Platelminthes) of which the
tapeworms are the most common examples. The body is
flattened, and usually but not always long, and composed of
numerous joints or segments, each of which may contain a
complete set of male and female reproductive organs. They
have neither mouth nor intestine. See Tapeworm. [Written
also Cestoda.] Chamaecyparis sphaeroideaCypress Cy"press (s?"pr?s), n.; pl. Cypresses (-?z). [OE.
cipres, cipresse, OF. cipres, F. cypr?s, L. cupressus,
cyparissus (cf. the usual Lat. form cupressus), fr. Gr. ????,
perh. of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. g?pher, Gen. vi. 14.] (Bot)
A coniferous tree of the genus Cupressus. The species are
mostly evergreen, and have wood remarkable for its
durability.
Note: Among the trees called cypress are the common Oriental
cypress, Cupressus sempervirens, the evergreen
American cypress, C. thyoides (now called
Chamaecyparis sphaeroidea), and the deciduous
American cypress, Taxodium distichum. As having
anciently been used at funerals, and to adorn tombs,
the Oriental species is an emblem of mourning and
sadness.
Cypress vine (Bot.), a climbing plant with red or white
flowers (Ipot[oe]a Quamoclit, formerly Quamoclit
vulgaris). ChondroganoideaChondroganoidea Chon`dro*ga*noi"de*a, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?
cartilage + NL. ganoidei. See Ganoid.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so
called on account of their cartilaginous skeleton. Cosmothetic idealistsCosmothetic Cos`mo*thet"ic (k?z`m?-th?t"?k), a. [Gr. ko`smos
universe + ??? to place or arrange.] (Metaph.)
Assuming or positing the actual existence or reality of the
physical or external world.
Cosmothetic idealists (Metaph.), those who assume, without
attempting to prove, the reality of external objects as
corresponding to, and being the ground of, the ideas of
which only the mind has direct cognizance.
The cosmothetic idealists . . . deny that mind is
immediately conscious of matter. --Sir W.
Hamilton. CrinoideaCrinoidea Cri*noid"e*a (kr>isl/*noid"[-e]*[.a]), n. pl. [NL.,
from Gr. kri`non lily + -oid: cf. F. crino["i]de.] (Zo["o]l.)
A large class of Echinodermata, including numerous extinct
families and genera, but comparatively few living ones. Most
of the fossil species, like some that are recent, were
attached by a jointed stem. See Blastoidea, Cystoidea,
Comatula. Crinoidean
Crinoidean Cri*noid"e*an (-an), n. (Zo["o]l)
One of the Crinoidea.
Ctenoidean
Ctenoidean Cte*noid"e*an (t[-e]*noid"[-e]*an), a. (Zo["o]l.)
Relating to the Ctenoidei. -- n. One of the Ctenoidei.
Cynoidea
Cynoidea Cy*noi"de*a (s?-noi"d?-a), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ???,
???, a dog + -oid.] (Zo["o]l.)
A division of Carnivora, including the dogs, wolves, and
foxes.
Cystidea
Cystidea Cys*tid"e*a (s?s-t?d"?-?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ????
a bladder, pouch.] (Zo["o]l.)
An order of Crinoidea, mostly fossils of the Paleozoic rocks.
They were usually roundish or egg-shaped, and often
unsymmetrical; some were sessile, others had short stems.
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