- Al-
Maẓālim (Arabic: المظالم, romanized: al-
maẓālim, lit. 'injustices, grievances') were an
ancient pre-Islamic
institution that was
adopted by the Abbasid...
- as
rival jurisdictions,
particularly that of the
maẓālim court and that of the shurṭah. The
maẓālim was a
court (presided over by the
supreme ruler himself...
-
account by ruler-appointed
judges who
presided over qāḍī's courts, and by
maẓālim courts,
which were
controlled by the ruler's
council and
administered criminal...
- in
another type of
court called the
mazalim court,
administered by the ruler's council. The
rationale for
mazalim (lit. wrongs, grievances)
courts was...
- court—and made a
point of
presiding in
person over the
courts of
grievances (
mazalim), thus
gaining the
support of the
common people.
Combining "strength and...
-
Palace and
central government Amir al-umara
Barid Hajib Harem Mazalim Officials Robe of
honour and
tiraz Shurta Vizier Financial administration Diwan...
-
account by ruler-appointed
judges who
presided over qāḍī's courts, and by
maẓālim courts,
which were
controlled by the ruler's
council and
administered criminal...
- and away the most
detailed one,
mentions that the king had
officials (
mazalim) who
surrounded his
throne when he gave justice, and
these included the...
- upon the Plebeians.
Another precursor to the
ombudsman was the Diwān al-
Maẓālim (دِيوَانُ الْمَظَالِمِ)
which appears to go back to the
second caliph,...
- or
between individual dīwāns and the vizier. In addition, a dīwān al-
maẓālim was created,
staffed by judges, to hear
complaints against government officials...
