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Air engine
Air engine Air" engine`
An engine driven by heated or by compressed air. --Knight.
Ammoniacal engineAmmoniac Am*mo"ni*ac, Ammoniacal Am`mo*ni"a*cal, a.
Of or pertaining to ammonia, or possessing its properties;
as, an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas.
Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia
is used as the motive force.
Sal ammoniac [L. sal ammoniacus], the salt usually called
chloride of ammonium, and formerly muriate of ammonia. Ballast engineBallast Bal"last, n. [D. ballast; akin to Dan. baglast,
ballast, OSw. barlast, Sw. ballast. The first part is perh.
the same word as E. bare, adj.; the second is last a burden,
and hence the meaning a bare, or mere, load. See Bare, a.,
and Last load.]
1. (Naut.) Any heavy substance, as stone, iron, etc., put
into the hold to sink a vessel in the water to such a
depth as to prevent capsizing.
2. Any heavy matter put into the car of a balloon to give it
steadiness.
3. Gravel, broken stone, etc., laid in the bed of a railroad
to make it firm and solid.
4. The larger solids, as broken stone or gravel, used in
making concrete.
5. Fig.: That which gives, or helps to maintain, uprightness,
steadiness, and security.
It [piety] is the right ballast of prosperity.
--Barrow.
Ballast engine, a steam engine used in excavating and for
digging and raising stones and gravel for ballast.
Ship in ballast, a ship carring only ballast. Bogie engine
Bogie engine Bo"gie en"gine (Railroads)
A switching engine the running gear and driving gear of which
are on a bogie, or truck.
Caloric engineCaloric Ca*lor"ic, a.
Of or pertaining to caloric.
Caloric engine, a kind of engine operated by heated air. Carding engineCarding Card"ing, a.
1. The act or process of preparing staple for spinning, etc.,
by carding it. See the Note under Card, v. t.
2. A roll of wool or other fiber as it comes from the carding
machine.
Carding engine, Carding machine, a machine for carding
cotton, wool, or other fiber, by subjecting it to the
action of cylinders, or drum covered with wire-toothed
cards, revoling nearly in contact with each other, at
different rates of speed, or in opposite directions. The
staple issues in soft sheets, or in slender rolls called
sivers. ChallengingChallenge Chal"lenge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Challenged; p. pr.
& vb. n. Challenging.] [OE. chalengen to accuse, claim, OF.
chalengier, chalongier, to claim, accuse, dispute, fr. L.
calumniar to attack with false accusations. See Challenge,
n., and cf. Calumniate.]
1. To call to a contest of any kind; to call to answer; to
defy.
I challenge any man to make any pretense to power by
right of fatherhood. --Locke.
2. To call, invite, or summon to answer for an offense by
personal combat.
By this I challenge him to single fight. --Shak.
3. To claim as due; to demand as a right.
Challenge better terms. --Addison.
4. To censure; to blame. [Obs.]
He complained of the emperors . . . and challenged
them for that he had no greater revenues . . . from
them. --Holland.
5. (Mil.) To question or demand the countersign from (one who
attempts to pass the lines); as, the sentinel challenged
us, with ``Who comes there?'
6. To take exception to; question; as, to challenge the
accuracy of a statement or of a quotation.
7. (Law) To object to or take exception to, as to a juror, or
member of a court.
8. To object to the reception of the vote of, as on the
ground that the person in not qualified as a voter. [U.
S.]
To challenge to the array, favor, polls. See under
Challenge, n. Civil engineeringEngineering En`gi*neer"ing, n.
Originally, the art of managing engines; in its modern and
extended sense, the art and science by which the mechanical
properties of matter are made useful to man in structures and
machines; the occupation and work of an engineer.
Note: In a comprehensive sense, engineering includes
architecture as a mechanical art, in distinction from
architecture as a fine art. It was formerly divided
into military engineering, which is the art of
designing and constructing offensive and defensive
works, and civil engineering, in a broad sense, as
relating to other kinds of public works, machinery,
etc.
Civil engineering, in modern usage, is strictly the art of
planning, laying out, and constructing fixed public works,
such as railroads, highways, canals, aqueducts, water
works, bridges, lighthouses, docks, embankments,
breakwaters, dams, tunnels, etc.
Mechanical engineering relates to machinery, such as steam
engines, machine tools, mill work, etc.
Mining engineering deals with the excavation and working of
mines, and the extraction of metals from their ores, etc.
Engineering is further divided into steam engineering, gas
engineering, agricultural engineering, topographical
engineering, electrical engineering, etc. Compound engineCompound Com"pound, a. [OE. compouned, p. p. of compounen. See
Compound, v. t.]
Composed of two or more elements, ingredients, parts;
produced by the union of several ingredients, parts, or
things; composite; as, a compound word.
Compound substances are made up of two or more simple
substances. --I. Watts.
Compound addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division (Arith.), the addition, subtraction, etc., of
compound numbers.
Compound crystal (Crystallog.), a twin crystal, or one
seeming to be made up of two or more crystals combined
according to regular laws of composition.
Compound engine (Mech.), a form of steam engine in which
the steam that has been used in a high-pressure cylinder
is made to do further service in a larger low-pressure
cylinder, sometimes in several larger cylinders,
successively.
Compound ether. (Chem.) See under Ether.
Compound flower (Bot.), a flower head resembling a single
flower, but really composed of several florets inclosed in
a common calyxlike involucre, as the sunflower or
dandelion.
Compound fraction. (Math.) See Fraction.
Compound fracture. See Fracture.
Compound householder, a householder who compounds or
arranges with his landlord that his rates shall be
included in his rents. [Eng.]
Compound interest. See Interest.
Compound larceny. (Law) See Larceny.
Compound leaf (Bot.), a leaf having two or more separate
blades or leaflets on a common leafstalk.
Compound microscope. See Microscope.
Compound motion. See Motion.
Compound number (Math.), one constructed according to a
varying scale of denomination; as, 3 cwt., 1 qr., 5 lb.;
-- called also denominate number.
Compound pier (Arch.), a clustered column.
Compound quantity (Alg.), a quantity composed of two or
more simple quantities or terms, connected by the sign +
(plus) or - (minus). Thus, a + b - c, and bb - b, are
compound quantities.
Compound radical. (Chem.) See Radical.
Compound ratio (Math.), the product of two or more ratios;
thus ab:cd is a ratio compounded of the simple ratios a:c
and b:d.
Compound rest (Mech.), the tool carriage of an engine
lathe.
Compound screw (Mech.), a screw having on the same axis two
or more screws with different pitch (a differential
screw), or running in different directions (a right and
left screw).
Compound time (Mus.), that in which two or more simple
measures are combined in one; as, 6-8 time is the joining
of two measures of 3-8 time.
Compound word, a word composed of two or more words;
specifically, two or more words joined together by a
hyphen. Compressed-air engineCompressed Com*pressed", a.
1. Pressed together; compacted; reduced in volume by
pressure.
2. (Bot.) Flattened lengthwise.
Compressed-air engine, an engine operated by the elastic
force of compressed air. Condensing engineCondense Con*dense", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Condensed; p. pr. &
vb. n. Condensing.] [L. condensare; con- + densare to make
thick or dense, densus thick, dense: cf. F. condenser. See
Dense, and cf. Condensate.]
1. To make more close, compact, or dense; to compress or
concentrate into a smaller compass; to consolidate; to
abridge; to epitomize.
In what shape they choose, Dilated or condensed,
bright or obscure. --Milton.
The secret course pursued at Brussels and at Madrid
may be condensed into the usual formula,
dissimulation, procrastination, and again
dissimulation. --Motley.
2. (Chem. & Physics) To reduce into another and denser form,
as by cold or pressure; as, to condense gas into a liquid
form, or steam into water.
Condensed milk, milk reduced to the consistence of very
thick cream by evaporation (usually with addition of
sugar) for preservation and transportation.
Condensing engine, a steam engine in which the steam is
condensed after having exerted its force on the piston.
Syn: To compress; contract; crowd; thicken; concentrate;
abridge; epitomize; reduce. Cornish engineCornish Cor"nish (k?r"n?sh), a.
Of or pertaining to Cornwall, in England.
Cornish chough. See Chough.
Cornish engine, a single-acting pumping engine, used in
mines, in Cornwall and elsewhere, and for water works. A
heavy pump rod or plunger, raised by the steam, forces up
the water by its weight, in descending. Corps of Engineers
Corps of Engineers Corps of Engineers, a corps of officers and
enlisted men consisting of one band and three battalions of
engineers commanded by a brigadier general, whose title is
Chief of Engineers. It has charge of the construction of
fortifications for land and seacoast defense, the improvement
of rivers and harbors, the construction of lighthouses, etc.,
and, in time of war, supervises the engineering operations of
the armies in the field.
(b) In the United States navy, a corps made up of the
engineers, which was amalgamated with the line by act of
March 3, 1899. It consisted of assistant and passed
assistant engineers, ranking with ensigns and
lieutenants, chief engineers, ranking from lieutenant to
captain, and engineer in chief, ranking with commodore
and having charge of the Bureau of Steam Engineering.
Cycloidal engineCycloidal Cy*cloid"al (-al), a.
Pertaining to, or resembling, a cycloid; as, the cycloidal
space is the space contained between a cycloid and its base.
Cycloidal engine. See Geometric lathe. Cylinder engineCylinder Cyl"in*der (s?l"?n-d?r), n. [F. cylindre, OF.
cilindre, L. cylindrus, fr. Gr. ky`lindros, fr. kyli`ndein,
kyli`ein, to roll. Cf. Calender the machine.]
1. (Geom.)
(a) A solid body which may be generated by the rotation of
a parallelogram round one its sides; or a body of
rollerlike form, of which the longitudinal section is
oblong, and the cross section is circular.
(b) The space inclosed by any cylindrical surface. The
space may be limited or unlimited in length.
2. Any hollow body of cylindrical form, as:
(a) The chamber of a steam engine in which the piston is
moved by the force of steam.
(b) The barrel of an air or other pump.
(c) (Print.) The revolving platen or bed which produces
the impression or carries the type in a cylinder
press.
(d) The bore of a gun; the turning chambered breech of a
revolver.
3. The revolving square prism carrying the cards in a
Jacquard loom.
Cylinder axis. (Anat.) See Axis cylinder, under Axis.
Cylinder engine (Paper Making), a machine in which a
cylinder takes up the pulp and delivers it in a continuous
sheet to the dryers.
Cylinder escapement. See Escapement.
Cylinder glass. See Glass.
Cylinder mill. See Roller mill.
Cylinder press. See Press. Diesel engine
Diesel engine Die"sel en`gine or motor mo`tor [After Dr.
Rudolf Diesel, of Munich, the inventor.]
A type of internal-combustion engine in which the air drawn
in by the suction stroke is so highly compressed that the
heat generated ignites the fuel (usually crude oil), the fuel
being automatically sprayed into the cylinder under pressure.
The Diesel engine has a very high thermal efficiency.
Disk engineDisk Disk, n. [L. discus, Gr. ?. See Dish.] [Written also
disc.]
1. A discus; a quoit.
Some whirl the disk, and some the javelin dart.
--Pope.
2. A flat, circular plate; as, a disk of metal or paper.
3. (Astron.) The circular figure of a celestial body, as seen
projected of the heavens.
4. (Biol.) A circular structure either in plants or animals;
as, a blood disk; germinal disk, etc.
5. (Bot.)
(a) The whole surface of a leaf.
(b) The central part of a radiate compound flower, as in
sunflower.
(c) A part of the receptacle enlarged or expanded under,
or around, or even on top of, the pistil.
6. (Zo["o]l.)
(a) The anterior surface or oral area of c[oe]lenterate
animals, as of sea anemones.
(b) The lower side of the body of some invertebrates,
especially when used for locomotion, when it is often
called a creeping disk.
(c) In owls, the space around the eyes.
Disk engine, a form of rotary steam engine.
Disk shell (Zo["o]l.), any species of Discina. Dividing engineDividing Di*vid"ing, a.
That divides; separating; marking divisions; graduating.
Dividing engine, a machine for graduating circles (as for
astronomical instruments) or bars (as for scales); also,
for spacing off and cutting teeth in wheels.
Dividing sinker. (Knitting Mach.). See under Sinker. Draft engineDraft Draft, a.
1. Pertaining to, or used for, drawing or pulling (as
vehicles, loads, etc.). Same as Draught.
2. Relating to, or characterized by, a draft, or current of
air. Same as Draught.
Note: The forms draft and draught, in the senses above-given,
are both on approved use.
Draft box, Draft engine, Draft horse, Draft net,
Draft ox, Draft tube. Same as Draught box, Draught
engine, etc. See under Draught. Draught engineDraught Draught, a.
1. Used for drawing vehicles, loads, etc.; as, a draught
beast; draught hooks.
2. Relating to, or characterized by, a draft, or current of
air.
3. Used in making drawings; as, draught compasses.
4. Drawn directly from the barrel, or other receptacle, in
distinction from bottled; on draught; -- said of ale,
cider, and the like.
Note: This word, especially in the first and second meanings,
is often written draft, a spelling which is approved by
many authorities.
Draught box. See Draught tube, below.
Draught engine (Mining), an engine used for pumping,
raising heavy weights, and the like.
Draught hook (Mil.), one of the hooks on a cannon carriage,
used in drawing the gun backward and forward.
Draught horse, a horse employed in drawing loads, plowing,
etc., as distinguished from a saddle horse or carriage
horse.
Draught net, a seine or hauling net.
Draught ox, an ox employed in hauling loads, plowing, etc.
Draught tube (Water Wheels), an air-tight pipe extending
downward into the tailrace from a turbine wheel located
above it, to make the whole fall available; -- called also
draught box. Duplex pumping engineDuplex Du"plex, a. [L., fr. duo two + plicare to fold. See
Two, and Complex.]
Double; twofold.
Duplex escapement, a peculiar kind of watch escapement, in
which the scape-wheel has two sets of teeth. See
Escapement.
Duplex lathe, one for turning off, screwing, and surfacing,
by means of two cutting tools, on opposite sides of the
piece operated upon.
Duplex pumping engine, a steam pump in which two steam
cylinders are placed side by side, one operating the
valves of the other.
Duplex querela [L., double complaint] (Eccl. Law), a
complaint in the nature of an appeal from the ordinary to
his immediate superior, as from a bishop to an archbishop.
--Mozley & W.
Duplex telegraphy, a system of telegraphy for sending two
messages over the same wire simultaneously.
Duplex watch, one with a duplex escapement. Efficiency of a heat engineEfficience Ef*fi"cience, Efficiency Ef*fi"cien*cy, n. [L.
efficientia.]
1. The quality of being efficient or producing an effect or
effects; efficient power; effectual agency.
The manner of this divine efficiency being far above
us. --Hooker.
2. (Mech.) The ratio of useful work to energy expended.
--Rankine.
Efficiency of a heat engine, the ratio of the work done an
engine, to the work due to the heat supplied to it. Electro-magnetic engineElectro-magnetic E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic, a.
Of, Pertaining to, or produced by, magnetism which is
developed by the passage of an electric current.
Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive
force is electro-magnetism.
Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a theory of
light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of
transient electric currents moving transversely to the
direction of the ray. EngineEngine En"gine, n. [F. engin skill, machine, engine, L.
ingenium natural capacity, invention; in in + the root of
gignere to produce. See Genius, and cf. Ingenious, Gin
a snare.]
1. (Pronounced, in this sense, ????.) Natural capacity;
ability; skill. [Obs.]
A man hath sapiences three, Memory, engine, and
intellect also. --Chaucer.
2. Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or
contrivance; an agent. --Shak.
You see the ways the fisherman doth take To catch
the fish; what engines doth he make? --Bunyan.
Their promises, enticements, oaths, tokens, and all
these engines of lust. --Shak.
3. Any instrument by which any effect is produced;
especially, an instrument or machine of war or torture.
``Terrible engines of death.' --Sir W. Raleigh.
4. (Mach.) A compound machine by which any physical power is
applied to produce a given physical effect.
Engine driver, one who manages an engine; specifically, the
engineer of a locomotive.
Engine lathe. (Mach.) See under Lathe.
Engine tool, a machine tool. --J. Whitworth.
Engine turning (Fine Arts), a method of ornamentation by
means of a rose engine.
Note: The term engine is more commonly applied to massive
machines, or to those giving power, or which produce
some difficult result. Engines, as motors, are
distinguished according to the source of power, as
steam engine, air engine, electro-magnetic engine; or
the purpose on account of which the power is applied,
as fire engine, pumping engine, locomotive engine; or
some peculiarity of construction or operation, as
single-acting or double-acting engine, high-pressure or
low-pressure engine, condensing engine, etc. Engine
Engine En"gine, v. t.
1. To assault with an engine. [Obs.]
To engine and batter our walls. --T. Adams.
2. To equip with an engine; -- said especially of steam
vessels; as, vessels are often built by one firm and
engined by another.
3. (Pronounced, in this sense, ?????.) To rack; to torture.
[Obs.] --Chaucer.
Engine driverEngine En"gine, n. [F. engin skill, machine, engine, L.
ingenium natural capacity, invention; in in + the root of
gignere to produce. See Genius, and cf. Ingenious, Gin
a snare.]
1. (Pronounced, in this sense, ????.) Natural capacity;
ability; skill. [Obs.]
A man hath sapiences three, Memory, engine, and
intellect also. --Chaucer.
2. Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or
contrivance; an agent. --Shak.
You see the ways the fisherman doth take To catch
the fish; what engines doth he make? --Bunyan.
Their promises, enticements, oaths, tokens, and all
these engines of lust. --Shak.
3. Any instrument by which any effect is produced;
especially, an instrument or machine of war or torture.
``Terrible engines of death.' --Sir W. Raleigh.
4. (Mach.) A compound machine by which any physical power is
applied to produce a given physical effect.
Engine driver, one who manages an engine; specifically, the
engineer of a locomotive.
Engine lathe. (Mach.) See under Lathe.
Engine tool, a machine tool. --J. Whitworth.
Engine turning (Fine Arts), a method of ornamentation by
means of a rose engine.
Note: The term engine is more commonly applied to massive
machines, or to those giving power, or which produce
some difficult result. Engines, as motors, are
distinguished according to the source of power, as
steam engine, air engine, electro-magnetic engine; or
the purpose on account of which the power is applied,
as fire engine, pumping engine, locomotive engine; or
some peculiarity of construction or operation, as
single-acting or double-acting engine, high-pressure or
low-pressure engine, condensing engine, etc. Engine lathe 3. The movable swing frame of a loom, carrying the reed for
separating the warp threads and beating up the weft; --
called also lay and batten.
Blanchard lathe, a lathe for turning irregular forms after
a given pattern, as lasts, gunstocks, and the like.
Drill lathe, or Speed lathe, a small lathe which, from
its high speed, is adapted for drilling; a hand lathe.
Engine lathe, a turning lathe in which the cutting tool has
an automatic feed; -- used chiefly for turning and boring
metals, cutting screws, etc.
Foot lathe, a lathe which is driven by a treadle worked by
the foot.
Geometric lathe. See under Geometric
Hand lathe, a lathe operated by hand; a power turning lathe
without an automatic feed for the tool.
Slide lathe, an engine lathe.
Throw lathe, a small lathe worked by one hand, while the
cutting tool is held in the other. Engine latheEngine En"gine, n. [F. engin skill, machine, engine, L.
ingenium natural capacity, invention; in in + the root of
gignere to produce. See Genius, and cf. Ingenious, Gin
a snare.]
1. (Pronounced, in this sense, ????.) Natural capacity;
ability; skill. [Obs.]
A man hath sapiences three, Memory, engine, and
intellect also. --Chaucer.
2. Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or
contrivance; an agent. --Shak.
You see the ways the fisherman doth take To catch
the fish; what engines doth he make? --Bunyan.
Their promises, enticements, oaths, tokens, and all
these engines of lust. --Shak.
3. Any instrument by which any effect is produced;
especially, an instrument or machine of war or torture.
``Terrible engines of death.' --Sir W. Raleigh.
4. (Mach.) A compound machine by which any physical power is
applied to produce a given physical effect.
Engine driver, one who manages an engine; specifically, the
engineer of a locomotive.
Engine lathe. (Mach.) See under Lathe.
Engine tool, a machine tool. --J. Whitworth.
Engine turning (Fine Arts), a method of ornamentation by
means of a rose engine.
Note: The term engine is more commonly applied to massive
machines, or to those giving power, or which produce
some difficult result. Engines, as motors, are
distinguished according to the source of power, as
steam engine, air engine, electro-magnetic engine; or
the purpose on account of which the power is applied,
as fire engine, pumping engine, locomotive engine; or
some peculiarity of construction or operation, as
single-acting or double-acting engine, high-pressure or
low-pressure engine, condensing engine, etc.
Meaning of Engin from wikipedia
