- 16th century,
claims about birkarls coming from
Great Pirkkala (a
parish in
Upper Sata****a) emerged,
propagated by
birkarls themselves in
their battle...
- in Swedish). In that treaty, the king of
Sweden guaranteed the
Kvens ("
Birkarls")
trading rights in the
north (translation from
Latin last
printed in 1995...
-
taxes on the
freed serfs.
State serfs were eman****ted in 1866.
Alipin Birkarls Colonus –
early medieval serfs Coolie Cottar Encomienda –
Spanish serfdom...
-
Seven Star
Movement 0.46%
Swedish People's
Party 0.11%
Other parties 2.85%
Birkarls Finnish national road 12 Kokemäki
River Lake Längelmävesi Lake Näsijärvi...
-
eastern half of Sweden,
Finland – the most
important of
which were
known as
Birkarls ~
controlled the
trade and even the
taxing on the area long into the 16th...
- pay
taxes to all
surrounding powers at the same time,
including to the
Birkarls from
Swedish Finland. For
Latin and
Russian texts of the treaty, see S...
-
record written in
Swedish –
mention the
Birkarls (bircharlaboa).
Based on the
information revealed, the
Birkarls then
inhabited areas, e.g., in Northern...
- "lappmarks"
whose Sami
people were
loosely governed either by the
crown or
birkarls. The
purpose of
lappmarks was
largely colonial in nature. Originally, each...
-
Public Library Old
Church of
Pirkkala Naistenmatka district along Suupantie Birkarls "Muni****l
administration - The Mayor". Pirkkala.fi.
Retrieved 25 December...
- the society, a
structure with a few
ruling and
wealthy citizens called birkarls,
ceased to exist,
especially with the new king
Charles IX who
swore by...
