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Opuntia
Opuntia O*pun"ti*a, n. [NL.] (Bot.)
A genus of cactaceous plants; the prickly pear, or Indian
fig.
Opuntia cochinelliferaCochineal Coch"i*neal (?; 277), [Sp. cochinilla, dim. from L.
coccineus, coccinus, scarlet, fr. coccum the kermes berry, G.
? berry, especially the kermes insect, used to dye scarlet,
as the cohineal was formerly supposed to be the grain or seed
of a plant, and this word was formerly defined to be the
grain of the Quercus coccifera; but cf. also Sp. cochinilla
wood louse, dim. of cochina sow, akin to F. cochon pig.]
A dyestuff consisting of the dried bodies of females of the
Coccus cacti, an insect native in Mexico, Central America,
etc., and found on several species of cactus, esp. Opuntia
cochinellifera.
Note: These insects are gathered from the plant, killed by
the application of heat, and exposed to the sun to dry.
When dried they resemble small, rough berries or seeds,
of a brown or purple color, and form the cochineal of
the shops, which is used for making carmine, and also
as a red dye.
Note: Cochineal contains as its essential coloring matter
carminic acid, a purple red amorphous substance which
yields carmine red. Opuntia vulgarisPrickly Prick"ly, a.
Full of sharp points or prickles; armed or covered with
prickles; as, a prickly shrub.
Prickly ash (Bot.), a prickly shrub (Xanthoxylum
Americanum) with yellowish flowers appearing with the
leaves. All parts of the plant are pungent and aromatic.
The southern species is X. Carolinianum. --Gray.
Prickly heat (Med.), a noncontagious cutaneous eruption of
red pimples, attended with intense itching and tingling of
the parts affected. It is due to inflammation of the sweat
glands, and is often brought on by overheating the skin in
hot weather.
Prickly pear (Bot.), a name given to several plants of the
cactaceous genus Opuntia, American plants consisting of
fleshy, leafless, usually flattened, and often prickly
joints inserted upon each other. The sessile flowers have
many petals and numerous stamens. The edible fruit is a
large pear-shaped berry containing many flattish seeds.
The common species of the Northern Atlantic States is
Opuntia vulgaris. In the South and West are many others,
and in tropical America more than a hundred more. O.
vulgaris, O. Ficus-Indica, and O. Tuna are abundantly
introduced in the Mediterranean region, and O. Dillenii
has become common in India.
Prickly pole (Bot.), a West Indian palm (Bactris
Plumierana), the slender trunk of which bears many rings
of long black prickles.
Prickly withe (Bot.), a West Indian cactaceous plant
(Cereus triangularis) having prickly, slender, climbing,
triangular stems.
Prickly rat (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of South
American burrowing rodents belonging to Ctenomys and
allied genera. The hair is usually intermingled with sharp
spines.
Meaning of Puntia from wikipedia
