-
suggested that
pterobranchs belong to the same
clade as the
extinct graptolites, and
phylogenetic analysis suggests that the
pterobranchs are
living members...
- Graptolithina,
formerly considered extinct, is now
placed within the
pterobranchs,
represented by a
single living genus Rhabdopleura.
Acorn worms are solitary...
- free-floating Graptoloidea.
These orders most
likely evolved from
encrusting pterobranchs similar to Rhabdopleura. Due to
their widespread abundance, planktonic...
- up to 2.5
metres (8.2 ft) long, and
burrow though seafloor sediments.
Pterobranchs are
colonial animals,
often less than 1
millimetre (0.039 in) long individually...
- 2009-06-06 Maletz, J.; Steiner, M.; Fatka, O. (2005), "Middle
Cambrian pterobranchs and the Question: What is a graptolite?" (PDF), Lethaia, 38 (1): 73–85...
-
cephalodiscids are
benthic and sessile,
while the only
other planktonic pterobranchs are graptolites,
which shows the
water column was
colonised several times...
- Rickards, RB;
Holland PWH (2008). "The
origins of
graptolites and
other pterobranchs: a
journey from 'Polyzoa'". Lethaia. 41 (4): 303–316. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931...
-
pterobranchs are
hemichordates and
probably closely related to echinoderms, and
there is no
evidence that the
latest common ancestor of
pterobranchs and...
- worm-like
enteropneust than a
sessile colonial pterobranch. The fact that
lophophorates and
pterobranchs both use
tentacles for
feeding is
probably not...
- Rickards, RB;
Holland PWH (2008). "The
origins of
graptolites and
other pterobranchs: a
journey from 'Polyzoa'". Lethaia. 41 (4): 303–316. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931...
