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Army organization
Army organization Army organization
The system by which a country raises, classifies, arranges,
and equips its armed land forces. The usual divisions are:
(1) A regular or active army, in which soldiers serve
continuously with the colors and live in barracks or
cantonments when not in the field; (2) the reserves of this
army, in which the soldiers, while remaining constantly
subject to a call to the colors, live at their homes, being
summoned more or less frequently to report for instruction,
drill, or maneuvers; and (3) one or more classes of soldiers
organized largely for territorial defense, living at home and
having only occasional periods of drill and instraction, who
are variously called home reserves (as in the table below),
second, third, etc., line of defense (the regular army and
its reserves ordinarily constituting the first line of
defense), territorial forces, or the like. In countries where
conscription prevails a soldier is supposed to serve a given
number of years. He is usually enrolled first in the regular
army, then passes to its reserve, then into the home
reserves, to serve until he reaches the age limit. It for any
reason he is not enrolled in the regular army, he may begin
his service in the army reserves or even the home reserves,
but then serves the full number of years or up to the age
limit. In equipment the organization of the army is into the
three great arms of infantry, cavalry, and artillery,
together with more or less numerous other branches, such as
engineers, medical corps, etc., besides the staff
organizations such as those of the pay and subsistence
departments.
Army wormArmy worm Ar"my worm` (Zo["o]l.)
(a) A lepidopterous insect, which in the larval state
often travels in great multitudes from field to field,
destroying grass, grain, and other crops. The common
army worm of the northern United States is Leucania
unipuncta. The name is often applied to other related
species, as the cotton worm.
(b) The larva of a small two-winged fly (Sciara), which
marches in large companies, in regular order. See
Cotton worm, under Cotton. Center of an armyCenter Cen"ter, n. [F. centre, fr. L. centrum, fr. round which
a circle is described, fr. ? to prick, goad.]
1. A point equally distant from the extremities of a line,
figure, or body, or from all parts of the circumference of
a circle; the middle point or place.
2. The middle or central portion of anything.
3. A principal or important point of concentration; the
nucleus around which things are gathered or to which they
tend; an object of attention, action, or force; as, a
center of attaction.
4. The earth. [Obs.] --Shak.
5. Those members of a legislative assembly (as in France) who
support the existing government. They sit in the middle of
the legislative chamber, opposite the presiding officer,
between the conservatives or monarchists, who sit on the
right of the speaker, and the radicals or advanced
republicans who occupy the seats on his left, See Right,
and Left.
6. (Arch.) A temporary structure upon which the materials of
a vault or arch are supported in position until the work
becomes self-supporting.
7. (Mech.)
(a) One of the two conical steel pins, in a lathe, etc.,
upon which the work is held, and about which it
revolves.
(b) A conical recess, or indentation, in the end of a
shaft or other work, to receive the point of a center,
on which the work can turn, as in a lathe.
Note: In a lathe the
live center is in the spindle of the head stock; the
dead center is on the tail stock.
Planer centers are stocks carrying centers, when the object
to be planed must be turned on its axis.
Center of an army, the body or troops occupying the place
in the line between the wings.
Center of a curve or surface (Geom.)
(a) A point such that every line drawn through the point
and terminated by the curve or surface is bisected at
the point.
(b) The fixed point of reference in polar co["o]rdinates.
See Co["o]rdinates.
Center of curvature of a curve (Geom.), the center of that
circle which has at any given point of the curve closer
contact with the curve than has any other circle whatever.
See Circle.
Center of a fleet, the division or column between the van
and rear, or between the weather division and the lee.
Center of gravity (Mech.), that point of a body about which
all its parts can be balanced, or which being supported,
the whole body will remain at rest, though acted upon by
gravity.
Center of gyration (Mech.), that point in a rotating body
at which the whole mass might be concentrated
(theoretically) without altering the resistance of the
intertia of the body to angular acceleration or
retardation.
Center of inertia (Mech.), the center of gravity of a body
or system of bodies.
Center of motion, the point which remains at rest, while
all the other parts of a body move round it.
Center of oscillation, the point at which, if the whole
matter of a suspended body were collected, the time of
oscillation would be the same as it is in the actual form
and state of the body.
Center of percussion, that point in a body moving about a
fixed axis at which it may strike an obstacle without
communicating a shock to the axis.
Center of pressure (Hydros.), that point in a surface
pressed by a fluid, at which, if a force equal to the
whole pressure and in the same line be applied in a
contrary direction, it will balance or counteract the
whole pressure of the fluid. Farmyard
Farmyard Farm"yard`, n.
The yard or inclosure attached to a barn, or the space
inclosed by the farm buildings.
Salvation ArmySalvation Sal*va"tion, n. [OE. salvacioun, sauvacion, F.
salvation, fr. L. salvatio, fr. salvare to save. See Save.]
1. The act of saving; preservation or deliverance from
destruction, danger, or great calamity.
2. (Theol.) The redemption of man from the bondage of sin and
liability to eternal death, and the conferring on him of
everlasting happiness.
To earn salvation for the sons of men. --Milton.
Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation. --2.
Cor. vii. 10.
3. Saving power; that which saves.
Fear ye not; stand still, and see the salvation of
the Lord, which he will show to you to-day. --Ex.
xiv. 13.
Salvation Army, an organization for prosecuting the work of
Christian evangelization, especially among the degraded
populations of cities. It is virtually a new sect founded
in London in 1861 by William Booth. The evangelists, male
and female, have military titles according to rank, that
of the chief being ``General.' They wear a uniform, and
in their phraseology and mode of work adopt a quasi
military style. Standing armyStanding Stand"ing, a.
1. Remaining erect; not cut down; as, standing corn.
2. Not flowing; stagnant; as, standing water.
3. Not transitory; not liable to fade or vanish; lasting; as,
a standing color.
4. Established by law, custom, or the like; settled;
continually existing; permanent; not temporary; as, a
standing army; legislative bodies have standing rules of
proceeding and standing committees.
5. Not movable; fixed; as, a standing bed (distinguished from
a trundle-bed).
Standing army. See Standing army, under Army.
Standing bolt. See Stud bolt, under Stud, a stem.
Standing committee, in legislative bodies, etc., a
committee appointed for the consideration of all subjects
of a particular class which shall arise during the session
or a stated period.
Standing cup, a tall goblet, with a foot and a cover.
Standing finish (Arch.), that part of the interior
fittings, esp. of a dwelling house, which is permanent and
fixed in its place, as distinguished from doors, sashes,
etc.
Standing order (Eccl.), the denomination (Congregiational)
established by law; -- a term formerly used in
Connecticut. See also under Order.
Meaning of Army from wikipedia
- An
army,
ground force or land
force is an
armed force that
fights primarily on land. In the
broadest sense, it is the land-based
military branch, service...
- The
United States Army (USA) is the land
service branch of the
United States Armed Forces. It is one of the
eight U.S.
uniformed services, and is designated...
- The People's
Liberation Army (PLA) is the
armed wing of the
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the prin****l
military force of the People's
Republic of...
- The
British Army is the prin****l land
warfare force of the
United Kingdom,
British Overseas Territories and
Crown Dependencies, a part of the British...
- Red
Army,
often shortened to the Red
Army, was the
army and air
force of the
Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the
Soviet Union. The
army was established...
- Dad's
Army is a
British television sitcom about the
United Kingdom's Home
Guard during the
Second World War. It was
written by
Jimmy Perry and
David Croft...
-
States Army, the land
force that
fought to
preserve the
collective Union of the states, was
often referred to as the
Union Army, the
Grand Army of the...
- The ****stan
Army ranks and
insignia encomp**** the
military insignia utilized by the ****stan
Army. As a
former Dominion, ****stan
adopts a rank structure...
-
Indian Army is the land-based
branch and
largest component of the
Indian Armed Forces. The
President of
India is the
Supreme Commander of the
Indian Army, and...
- militias,
private armies, mercenaries, etc. A
regular army usually has the following: a
standing army, the
permanent force of the
regular army that is maintained...
