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crust of a planetary-m**** object, such as Earth, that
allows hot lava,
volcanic ash, and
gases to
escape from a
magma chamber below the surface. On Earth...
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Volcanic lightning is an
electrical discharge caused by a
volcanic eruption rather than from an
ordinary thunderstorm.
Volcanic lightning arises from...
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Volcanic ash
consists of
fragments of rock,
mineral crystals, and
volcanic gl****,
produced during volcanic eruptions and
measuring less than 2 mm (0.079 inches)...
- A
volcanic plug, also
called a
volcanic neck or lava neck, is a
volcanic object created when
magma hardens within a vent on an
active volcano. When present...
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Several types of
volcanic eruptions—during
which material is
expelled from a
volcanic vent or fissure—have been
distinguished by volcanologists. These...
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Volcanic rocks (often
shortened to
volcanics in
scientific contexts) are
rocks formed from lava
erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept...
- second-largest
volcanic island, and Jan Mayen. Both
islands are in the
Atlantic Ocean. A
third type of
volcanic oceanic island is
formed over
volcanic hotspots...
- The
volcanic explosivity index (VEI) is a
relative measure of the
explosiveness of
volcanic eruptions. It was
devised by
Christopher G.
Newhall of the...
- A
volcanic crater is an
approximately circular depression in the
ground caused by
volcanic activity. It is
typically a bowl-shaped
feature containing one...
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Volcanic gl**** is the
amorphous (uncrystallized)
product of
rapidly cooling magma. Like all
types of gl****, it is a
state of
matter intermediate between...