Definition of Fractional distillation. Meaning of Fractional distillation. Synonyms of Fractional distillation

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Definition of Fractional distillation

Fractional distillation
Distillation Dis`til*la"tion, n. [F. distillation, L. destillatio.] 1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in drops. 2. That which falls in drops. [R.] --Johnson 3. (Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam. Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds, and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or hail, is an illustration of natural distillation. 4. The substance extracted by distilling. --Shak. Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation, especially of complex solid substances, so that the ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as, the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood. Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by themselves, or without the addition of water or of other volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid. Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional.
Fractional distillation
Fractional Frac"tion*al, a. 1. Of or pertaining to fractions or a fraction; constituting a fraction; as, fractional numbers. 2. Relatively small; inconsiderable; insignificant; as, a fractional part of the population. Fractional crystallization (Chem.), a process of gradual and approximate purification and separation, by means of repeated solution and crystallization therefrom. Fractional currency, small coin, or paper notes, in circulation, of less value than the monetary unit. Fractional distillation (Chem.), a process of distillation so conducted that a mixture of liquids, differing considerably from each other in their boiling points, can be separated into its constituents.

Meaning of Fractional distillation from wikipedia

- Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature...
- involving repeated distillation through a water-cooled still, by which an alcohol purity of 90% could be obtained. The fractional distillation of organic substances...
- A fractionating column or fractional column is equipment used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts...
- method is slow, and is not suitable for large-scale production. Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions...
- continuous distillation is often a fractional distillation and can be a vacuum distillation or a steam distillation. Design and operation of a distillation column...
- it is not possible to separate the components by fractional distillation and azeotropic distillation is usually used instead. For technical applications...
- produced from natural gas condensates, petroleum distillates, and the fractional distillation of coal tar and peat. In some industries and regions, the name...
- Temperature Scale of 1990. Argon is extracted industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. It is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding...
- crystallization. Fractional freezing is generally used to produce ultra-pure solids, or to concentrate heat-sensitive liquids. Freeze distillation is a misnomer...
- Clevenger-type apparatus. Azeotropic distillation Batch distillation Distillation Extractive distillation Fractional distillation Heteroazeotrope Herbal distillates...